Deposition Checklists & Strategies

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Chapter 1     Deposition Procedures and Strategies

Chapter 2     Vehicular Liability

Chapter 3     Premises Liability

Chapter 4     Products Liability

Chapter 5     Medical Malpractice

Chapter 6     Employment Discrimination and Termination

Chapter 7     Insurance Coverage Disputes

 


 

Table of Contents

Chapter 1

Deposition Procedures and Strategies

I.     How to Use This Book

     A.     Chapter Organization

          §1:01     Overview of Substantive Law

          §1:02     Sample Deposition Outlines

          §1:03     A Note on Scope

     B.    Bonus Information

          §1:10     Practice Tips and Forms

          §1:11     Specialized Deposition Outlines

II.    Purposes and Uses of Depositions

     A.    Depositions as a Discovery Tool

          §1:20     The Scope of Depositions

          §1:21     Purposes of Depositions

          §1:22     When You Shouldn’t Take a Deposition

     B.    Depositions as a Settlement Tool

          §1:30     Using Depositions to Encourage Settlement

          §1:31     Practice Tip: Stay on the Offensive

     C.    Depositions as a Trial Tool

          §1:40     The Use of Depositions at Trial

III.   Preparing for Depositions

     A.    Depositions as Part of an Overall Discovery Plan

          §1:50     Reviewing the Case

          §1:51     Establishing Goals

          §1:52     Preparing an Outline

          §1:53     Practice Tip: Ten Things to Cover in Every Deposition

     B.    Preparing the Documents

          §1:60     Choosing the Documents to Use

          §1:61     Preparing the Documents

     C.    Other Pre-Deposition Tasks

          §1:70     Where to Conduct the Deposition

          §1:71     The Deposition Notice

          §1:72     The Court Reporter

     D.    Some Special Situations

          §1:80     Telephone Depositions

          §1:81     Video Depositions

          §1:82     Second-Chairing Depositions

IV.   Typical Deposition Procedures

     A.    Starting Depositions

          §1:90     How to Begin a Deposition

          §1:91     Practice Tip: “The Usual Stipulations”

          §1:92     The Role of the Court Reporter

     B.    Questioning During Deposition

          §1:100     Preliminary Questions

          §1:101     Practice Tip: Always Ask the Standard Preliminary Questions

          §1:102     Practice Tip: Mixing It Up

          §1:103     Basic Questioning Technique

          §1:104     Questions by Opposing Counsel

     C.    Ending Depositions

          §1:110     How to End a Deposition

     D.    After the Deposition

          §1:120     Following Up on the Transcript

          §1:121     Practice Tip: Critiquing Your Own Performance

          §1:122     Practice Tip: Motions in Limine

V.    Other Deposition Techniques

     A.    Handling Documents

          §1:130     Handling Documents at a Deposition

          §1:131     Practice Tip: “The Document Speaks for Itself”

     B.    Situations You Might Encounter

          §1:140     The Uncooperative Witness

          §1:141     Practice Tip: Impeachment Nuggets

          §1:142     The Forgetful Witness

          §1:143     The Witness Who Talks Too Much

          §1:144     Practice Tip: Asking Follow-Up Questions

          §1:145     The Witness Who Talks Too Little

          §1:146     The Difficult Opposing Counsel

VI.   Objections at Depositions

     A.    Handling Objections

          §1:160     Handling Objections: Overview

          §1:161     Ignoring the Objection

          §1:162     Asking for the Basis of an Objection

          §1:163     Rephrasing the Question

          §1:164     Seeking Judicial Intervention

     B.    Types of Objections

          §1:170     Objections to Form

          §1:171     Objections to Foundation

          §1:172     Objections Relating to Relevancy

          §1:173     Objections Based on Privilege

          §1:174     Other Objections

VII. Expert Depositions

     A.    Before the Deposition

          §1:180     Written Discovery of Defense Expert Opinions

          §1:181     Sample Outlines

     B.    Goals of Expert Depositions

          §1:190     Overview

          §1:191     Discover Every Opinion of the Opposing Expert

          §1:192     Discover the Factual Basis for All Opinions

          §1:193     Practice Tip: Attempting to Strike the Expert

          §1:194     Learn About the Opposing Expert’s Qualifications

          §1:195     Obtain Admissions to Use to Support Your Case

          §1:196     Explore All Sources of Bias

          §1:197     Lay a Foundation for Your Demonstrative Evidence

     C.    How to Prepare for Expert Depositions

          §1:210     Overview

          §1:211     Reviewing the File

          §1:212     Practice Tip: Review the Pattern Jury Instructions

          §1:213     Gathering the Key Documents

          §1:214     Familiarize Yourself With Government Standards

          §1:215     Studying the Expert’s CV and Report

          §1:216     Practice Tip: Five Ways to Hit Home Runs With an Expert’s CV

          §1:217     Conducting Other Research About the Expert

          §1:218     Consult With Your Own Expert

          §1:219     Practice Tip: Privilege and Experts

     D.    Expert Deposition Strategies

          §1:230     Using Texts in the Deposition

          §1:231     Questioning Techniques

          §1:232     Practice Tip: “Why Is That?” and Other Follow-Up Questions That Never Fail

          §1:233     Should You Cross-Examine the Expert During His Deposition?

          §1:234     Caution: Time Limits on Depositions

          §1:235     Practice Tip: What to Do When You Arrive for an Expert’s Deposition

          §1:236     Practice Tip: What to Do When the Defendant Buries You With Experts

Chapter 2

Vehicular Liability

I.     Elements of the Plaintiff’s Cause of Action

     A.    Theories of Recovery

          §2:01     Overview

          §2:02     The Elements of Negligence, As Applied to Vehicular Liability

          §2:03     Read Your State’s Model Jury Instructions

          §2:04     Common Fact Patterns

          §2:05     Practice Tip: Don’t Overlook Potential Defendants

          §2:06     Practice Tip: Know the Statutory Law of Your State

     B.    Typical Defenses in a Vehicular-Liability Case

          §2:20     Contributory or Comparative Negligence

          §2:21      Other Negligence-Based Defenses

          §2:22      Practice Tip: Discover and Attack the Facts Upon Which the Defense Is Based

II.    The Discovery Plan

     A.    The Sequence and Timing of Discovery

          §2:30      The Initial Round of Written Discovery

          §2:31      Caution: Never Overlook the Importance of Insurance

          §2:32      Request for Admissions

          §2:33      Practice Tip: Inspect the Scene

          §2:34      Practice Tip: Secure the Automobile If It Is a Total Loss

          §2:35      Depositions

          §2:36      Written Discovery of the Opinions of Defendant’s Experts

          §2:37      Practice Tip: Consult With Your Client’s Doctor

     B.    Documents and Exhibits in a Vehicular-Liability Case

          §2:50      Documents and Exhibits: Overview

          §2:51      Liability Documents

          §2:52      Damage Documents

     C.    Typical Deponents in a Vehicular-Liability Case

          §2:60      Typical Deponents: Overview

          §2:61      Occurrence Witnesses

          §2:62      Practice Tip: Learn to Do Informal Discovery

          §2:63      Medical Witnesses

          §2:64      Other Witnesses Regarding Damages

          §2:65      Practice Tip: Abstract Depositions as You Go

          §2:66      Defendant’s Expert Witnesses

          §2:67      The Depositions the Defendant Will Take

          §2:68      Practice Tip: How to Use Experts in an Auto Case

III.   Deposition #1: Defendant-Driver

     A.    Setting the Stage

          §2:80      Overview

          §2:81      Timing

     B.    Deposition Goals, Strategy, Preparation, and Exhibits

          §2:90      Deposition Goals

          §2:91      Deposition Strategy

          §2:92      Deposition Preparation

          §2:93      Deposition Exhibits

     C.    The Deposition Outline

     1.     Background Facts and Thumbnail Outline

          §2:100     Background Facts

          §2:101     Thumbnail Outline/Deposition Checklist

     2.     Preliminary Questions

          §2:110     Standard Introductory Questions

          §2:111     The Witness’s Background

          §2:112     The Witness’s Preparation for the Deposition

          §2:113     The Witness’s Relationship to Other Parties and Witnesses

          §2:114     Practice Tip: Putting the Witness at Ease

     3.     The Collision

          §2:120     Part I: Events Leading Up to the Collision

          §2:121     Part II: Central Events

          §2:122     Part III: After the Collision

          §2:123     Practice Tip: Driving Experience and Licensure

     4.     Defendant’s Condition on Day of Collision

          §2:130     Defendant’s Activities on the Day of the Collision

          §2:131     Practice Tip: Estimates of Times

          §2:132     Practice Tip: Establishing Fatigue

          §2:133     Alcohol and Drugs

     5.     The Vehicles

          §2:140     Condition of the Deponent’s Vehicle Before the Collision

          §2:141     Condition of the Vehicles After the Collision

          §2:142     Practice Tip: Lack of Damage as Evidence of Negligible Force

     6.     Traffic Tickets and Plaintiff’s Negligence

          §2:150     Traffic Tickets

          §2:151     Plaintiff’s Contributory Negligence

     7.     Admissions, Witnesses, and Statements

          §2:160     Admissions

          §2:161     All Witnesses to the Occurrence

          §2:162     Knowledge of Conversations

          §2:163     Formal Statements

          §2:164     Informal Statements and Interviews

          §2:165     Conversations About the Accident or the Lawsuit

     8.     Closing

          §2:170     Photographs and Diagrams

          §2:171     Closing Questions

IV.   Deposition #2: Police Officer Who Did the Accident Report

     A.    Setting the Stage

          §2:180     Overview

          §2:181     Timing

     B.    Deposition Goals, Preparation, and Exhibits

          §2:190     Deposition Goals

          §2:191     Deposition Preparation

          §2:192     Deposition Exhibits

     C.    The Deposition Outline

     1.     Background Facts and Thumbnail Outline

          §2:200     Background Facts

          §2:201     Thumbnail Outline/Deposition Checklist

     2.     Preliminary Questions

          §2:210     Standard Introductory Questions

          §2:211     The Witness’s Background

          §2:212     Relationship to the Parties and Witnesses

          §2:213     Practice Tip: The Importance of Law Enforcement Witnesses

          §2:214     Preparation for the Deposition

     3.     The Occurrence

          §2:220     The Witness’s Involvement in the Occurrence

          §2:221     The Witness’s Involvement in the Occurrence, Continued

          §2:222     The Accident Report

     4.     Witnesses and Statements

          §2:230     Knowledge of Other Witnesses

          §2:231     Statements at the Scene by the Parties

          §2:232     Other Conversations About the Occurrence

V.    Deposition #3: The Defendant’s Accident Reconstruction Expert

     A.    Setting the Stage

          §2:240     Overview

     B.    Deposition Goals, Preparation, and Exhibits

          §2:250     Deposition Goals

          §2:251     Deposition Preparation

          §2:252     Deposition Exhibits

     C.    The Deposition Outline

     1.     Background Facts and Thumbnail Outline

          §2:260     Background Facts

          §2:261     Thumbnail Outline/Deposition Checklist

     2.     Preliminary Questions

          §2:270     Standard Preliminary Questions

          §2:271     Past Deposition and Trial Testimony

     3.     Expert’s File

          §2:280     The Expert’s File Materials

          §2:281     Identifying the Expert’s File Materials, Part 2

          §2:282     Cross-Reference: Practice Tips from the Products-Liability Chapter

     4.     Expert’s Background and Qualifications

          §2:290     The Expert’s CV

          §2:291     The Expert’s Preparation for the Deposition

          §2:292     The Expert’s Professional Background: Occupation and Education

          §2:293     The Expert’s Professional Background: Publications

          §2:294     Past Testimony as an Expert

          §2:295     Other Work as an Expert, Including Income from Testifying

          §2:296     Past Work for the Lawyer Who Is Your Opponent

          §2:297     Practice Tip: The Time, Speed, Distance Formula

     5.     Expert’s Work on the Case

          §2:310     Overview

          §2:311     What the Expert Is Charging

          §2:312     The Expert’s Preparations to Render an Opinion

          §2:313     Conversations and Correspondence with Lawyers About the Case

          §2:314     Conversations and Correspondence with Others About the Case

          §2:315     Practice Tip: The Expert’s Knowledge and Understanding of Case-Related Facts

     6.     Expert’s Report and Opinions

          §2:320     The Reports Prepared by the Expert

          §2:321     The Process by Which the Report Was Prepared

          §2:322     Discovering the Expert’s Testimony: Opinions Contained in the Report

          §2:323     Discovering the Expert’s Testimony: Opinions Not Contained in the Report

          §2:324     The Opinions and Factual Basis for the Opinions

          §2:325     Did the Plaintiff Cause or Contribute to the Collision?

          §2:326     Knowledge of and Disagreements with Other Experts

          §2:327     Practice Tip: Testimony From the Expert Supporting Your Theory of the Case

     7.     Closing

          §2:340     Closing Questions

VI.   Depositions #4 - #6: Three More Thumbnail Outlines

          §2:350     Passenger in the Vehicle of the Driver-Defendant

          §2:351     Witness at the Scene of an Accident

          §2:352     Ambulance Driver

VII. Forms

          Form 2:01    Complaint in a Vehicular-Liability Case (With Reference to Illinois Rules)

          Form 2:02    Interrogatories in a Vehicular-Liability Case (With Reference to Illinois Rules)

          Form 2:03    Requests to Produce in a Vehicular-Liability Case (With Reference to Illinois
                              Rules)

          Form 2:04    Deposition Notice for an Expert in a Vehicular-Liability Case (With Reference to
                              Illinois Rules)

Chapter 3

Premises Liability

I.     Elements of the Plaintiff’s Cause of Action

     A.    Theories of Recovery

     1.     General Points

          §3:01      Premises Liability Is a Form of Negligence

          §3:02      Caution: Consider the Law of Your Own Jurisdiction

          §3:03      Practice Tip: Identify the Proper Defendants

     2.     The Plaintiff’s Status

          §3:10      General Points

          §3:11      The Invitee

          §3:12      The Licensee

          §3:13      The Trespasser

          §3:14      Children

     3.     Special Rules

          §3:20      Special Places

          §3:21      The Defendant’s Status

          §3:22      Landlord/Tenant

          §3:23      Municipal Liability

          §3:24      Actions of Third Parties

     4.     Evaluating Premises-Liability Cases

          §3:30      Evaluating Slip-and-Fall Cases

          §3:31      Caution: Not Every High-Damage Case Is a Good One

     B.    Typical Defenses in a Premises-Liability Case

          §3:40      Negligence Defenses

          §3:41      Disproving Plaintiff’s Case

          §3:42      Statutory Limitations and Immunities

II.    The Discovery Plan

     A.    Sequence and Timing

          §3:50      The Initial Round

          §3:51      Practice Tip: Photographs

          §3:52      Requests for Admissions

          §3:53      Depositions

          §3:54      Opinions of Defendant’s Experts

     B.    Documents and Exhibits

          §3:60      General Categories

          §3:61      Liability Documents

          §3:62      Practice Tip: Carefully Plan Your Written Discovery

          §3:63      Damage Documents

     C.    Typical Deponents

     1.     General Points

          §3:70      Depositions the Plaintiff Will Take

          §3:71      The Depositions the Defendant Will Take

     2.     Occurrence Witnesses

          §3:80      General Points

          §3:81      Caution: Don’t Depose a Friendly Witness

     3.     Medical Witnesses

          §3:90      General Points

          §3:91      Practice Tip: Supporting Your Claim for Damages

     4.     Experts

          §3:100     Defendant’s Expert Witnesses

          §3:101     Practice Tip: The Human Factors Expert

III.   Sample Deposition: Store Manager in a Slip-and-Fall Case

     A.    Planning

          §3:110     Deponents

          §3:111     Timing

     B.    Goals, Strategy and Preparation

          §3:120     Deposition Goals

          §3:121     Deposition Strategy

          §3:122     Deposition Preparation

          §3:123     Deposition Exhibits

     C.    The Deposition Outline

     1.     Background and Thumbnail Outline

          §3:130     Background Facts

          §3:131     Thumbnail Outline/Deposition Checklist

     2.     Preliminary Questions

          §3:140     Standard Introductory Questions

          §3:141     The Witness’s Background, Including His Employment History With the Defendant

          §3:142     Practice Tip: Know Why You Are Asking Each Question

          §3:143     The Witness’s Preparation for the Deposition

     3.     Inspection Program and Practices

          §3:150     Store Inspection Program

          §3:151     Practice Tip: Industry Practice

          §3:152     Store Inspection Practices at Other Stores

          §3:153     Caution: Laying the Proper Foundation

     4.     The Occurrence

          §3:160     Preliminary Questions

          §3:161     Practice Tip: Open-Ended Questions to Set the Stage

          §3:162     The Condition of the Store

          §3:163     Whether Inspections Procedures Were Followed

          §3:164     Facts About the Spill

          §3:165     The Plaintiff’s Fall; What the Witness Saw

          §3:166     The Scene After the Fall

          §3:167     The Witness’s Actions to Aid the Plaintiff

          §3:168     Practice Tip: Always Be on the Lookout for Facts With Jury Appeal

     5.     Admissions

          §3:180     Use of Marketing Displays

          §3:181     Practice Tip: Admissions

          §3:182     Admission: Plaintiff’s Status as Invitee

     6.     Other Witnesses

          §3:190     Other Witnesses to the Occurrence

          §3:191     Practice Tip: Offer to Pay Medical Bills

     7.     Defendant’s Response to the Occurrence

          §3:200     Subsequent Remedial Measures

          §3:201     Practice Tip: Evidence of Subsequent Remedial Measures

          §3:202     Discipline of Employees

          §3:203     Conversations About the Accident or the Lawsuit

     8.     Defenses

          §3:210     Practice Tip: Always Ask About Defenses

          §3:211     Plaintiff’s Contributory Negligence

     9.     Similar Incidents

          §3:220     Other Similar Incidents

          §3:221     Practice Tip: Admissibility of Other Incidents

     10.  Closing

          §3:230     Closing Questions

          §3:231     Practice Tip: What to Do at the End of the Deposition

IV.   Sample Deposition: Plaintiff’s Treating Physician (Preservation Deposition)

     A.    Planning

          §3:240     Overview

          §3:241     Timing

     B.    Goals, Strategy and Preparation

          §3:250     Deposition Goals

          §3:251     Deposition Strategy

          §3:252     Deposition Preparation

          §3:253     Deposition Exhibits

     C.    The Deposition Outline

     1.     Background and Thumbnail Outline

          §3:260     Background Facts

          §3:261     Thumbnail Outline/Deposition Checklist

          §3:262     Practice Tip: Who Should Read the Deposition

     2.     Preliminary Questions

          §3:270     Standard Introductory Questions

          §3:271     Practice Tip: Stipulations to Get Before the Deposition Begins

          §3:272     Educational Background and Licensure

          §3:273     Practice Tip: Impress the Jury, but Do it Quickly

          §3:274     Work History

          §3:275     Professional Publications, Activities, Awards, Etc.

     3.     Plaintiff’s Treatment

          §3:280     Practice Tip: “Reasonable Degree of Medical Certainty”

          §3:281     First Visit

          §3:282     Practice Tip: How the Plaintiff Chose the Treating Physician

          §3:283     More About Adhesive Capsulitis

          §3:284     Practice Tip: Proceed Chronologically

          §3:285     Second Visit

          §3:286     Third Visit

     4.     Opinion Testimony

          §3:300     Causation

          §3:301     Caution: “Magic Words” for Opinion Testimony

          §3:302     Defendant’s Contentions as to Causation

     5.     Damage Testimony

          §3:310     Past Medical Costs

          §3:311     Prognosis and the Need for Future Medical Care

          §3:312     Practice Tip: What if the Doctor Is No Longer Treating the Plaintiff?

          §3:313     Pain and Suffering, Past and Future

          §3:314     Disability, Past and Future

          §3:315     Caution: Make an Emotional Connection

     6.     Closing

          §3:320     Closing Questions

          §3:321     Defendant’s Cross-Examination; Plaintiff’s Re-Direct

V.    Other Sample Depositions: Thumbnail Outlines

          §3:330     Owner of Laundromat Where Plaintiff Slipped on Ice

          §3:331     Defendant’s Human Factors Expert

          §3:332     Witness to a Fall in a Store Parking Lot

VI.   Forms

          Form 3:01    Complaint in a Trip-and-Fall Case [Illinois Rules]

          Form 3:02    Interrogatories to a Corporate Landowner in a Slip-and-Fall Case [Illinois Rules]

          Form 3:03    Requests for Production to a Corporate Landowner in a Slip-and-Fall Case [Illinois
                              Rules]

          Form 3:04    Deposition Notice for a Corporate Representative in a Slip-and-Fall Case [Illinois
                              Rules]

          Form 3:05    Notice to Take Deposition of Defendant’s Engineering Expert in a Premises-
                              Liability Case

Chapter 4

Products Liability

I.     The Products Liability Cause of Action

     A.    Theories of Recovery

          §4:01      Definition and General Points

          §4:02      Strict Liability: General Principles

          §4:03      Strict Liability: Defective Product

          §4:04      Strict Liability: Failure to Warn

          §4:05      Negligence

          §4:06      Warranty Theories: General Principles

          §4:07      Express Warranty

          §4:08      Practice Tip: Don’t Neglect an Express Warranty Claim

          §4:09      Implied Warranty

     B.    Typical Defenses

          §4:20      Contributory Negligence/Comparative Fault

          §4:21      Assumption of Risk

          §4:22      Misuse

          §4:23      Statute of Limitations

          §4:24      Statute of Repose

          §4:25      Caution: The Changing Nature of the Law of Products Liability

II.    The Discovery Plan

     A.    Sequence and Timing

          §4:30      Practice Tip: Think About Experts from the Beginning

          §4:31      The Initial Round of Written Discovery

          §4:32      Practice Tip: Stay on the Offensive

          §4:33      Requests for Admissions

          §4:34      Written Discovery of the Opinions of the Defendant’s Experts